B. Enkhbaysgalan

KEYWORDS: Universal defense system, comprehensive security, local defense, joint participation of the state-citizen-private sector, citizen participation, participation of women and youth, patriotic education.

ABSTRACT:
The security environment of the 21st century is characterized by multifaceted challenges, including cyberattacks, information threats, climate change, and pandemics, in addition to traditional military and weapons threats. In this context, the “comprehensive defense system” – a comprehensive defense concept based on the joint participation of the state, citizens, and the private sector – is becoming a global trend.
In Mongolia, in line with this trend, the principles of comprehensive security policy, local defense, citizen participation, expanding the participation of women and youth, and coordination of state institutions are being developed.
The principle of defense based on universal participation is legitimized in documents such as the “Defense Law” (2016), the “National Security Concept” (2010), and the “Main Development Directions of the Government of Mongolia for 2025–2030”.
This system is based not only on the role of the Armed Forces, but also on the participation of every citizen, local defense, and cooperation between the state-citizen-private sector. The increasing participation of women and youth is an important step in creating the “social defense force” of the future.
Going forward, Mongolia needs to focus on the following areas in 2025–2030:

• Improving the legal framework to ensure the participation of every citizen;
• Expanding the participation of women and youth;
• Increasing local defense funding, training, structure, and preparation;
• Making basic military training a national system;
• Strengthening cyber and information security.

Overall, Mongolia’s defense policy is moving towards a new model of “comprehensive security” and is evolving into a common defense system based on the joint participation of the state, civil society, and society.

Бүх нийтийн батлан хамгаалах тогтолцооны шинэ хандлага

Б.Энхбаясгалан¹

1. Батлан хамгаалахын эрдэм шинжилгээний хүрээлэнгийн Батлан хамгаалах судлалын төв ↩︎